What process describes water changing from a gas to a liquid?

The process in which water transforms from a gas to a liquid is known as condensation. This occurs when water vapor, which is in its gaseous state, cools down and changes back into liquid water. This change is typically seen when warm, moist air rises and cools, leading to the formation of clouds or dew when the water vapor condenses on surfaces.

Understanding condensation is essential in various fields, including meteorology and maintenance work that may involve understanding humidity and moisture control. For example, ensuring that spaces like basements or attics remain free of excessive moisture often requires managing the conditions under which condensation might occur.

The other processes mentioned involve different changes of state: evaporation refers to liquid water turning into vapor, precipitation is the process of water in any form (rain, snow, sleet) falling from the atmosphere to the ground, and transpiration is the process by which water is absorbed by plants and released as vapor into the air.