Which term describes the process of sewage leaking from the sewer system?

The term that describes the process of sewage leaking from the sewer system is "exfiltration." This term specifically refers to the unwanted process where contaminants, such as sewage, flow out of the sewer pipeline and into the surrounding environment. This can be a significant environmental concern, as exfiltration can lead to pollution of groundwater and nearby water bodies.

In the context of wastewater management, understanding exfiltration is vital for addressing and preventing potential public health risks and environmental damage. This process can occur due to various factors, including the deterioration of sewer lines, inadequate sealing, or damage to the infrastructure. Recognizing exfiltration helps maintenance workers implement necessary repairs and preventive measures to protect the ecosystem and public health.

The other terms relate to different processes in water management. Infiltration refers to water entering the soil or another medium, typically in a beneficial way, such as rainwater replenishing groundwater. Discharge involves the release of treated wastewater back into the environment in a controlled manner. Leakage generally refers to the unintended loss of fluid from pipelines, but it is a broader term that does not specifically apply to sewage. Thus, exfiltration is the most accurate term for describing sewage leaks.